Interleukin genetics in POAG pathogenesis in Eastern India: a review

Abstract

Although intraocular pressure is the main the risk factor for the development of Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG), other risk factors such as immune system might play an additional role. Interleukin, which is the one of the main component of immune system, has been implicated in the development of glaucoma as suggested from many reports. The objective of this review was to investigate the association of interleukin genetics with the risk of glaucoma (mainly POAG) in case-control studies from eastern India. Two case-control studies were included in this review from eastern india as there were only two studies from eastern india. The first study suggested that the genomic region containing the interleukin 1 (IL1) gene cluster influences the POAG pathogenesis mostly in non-HTG patients in eastern India. The second study did not reveal any reproducible genetic association of SNPs in the interleukin1 gene (IL1) cluster with POAG. This is interesting that both the studies had been undertaken taking IL1 gene but different SNPs of IL1 gene had been studied. In conclusion, this review of case-control studies found that some SNPs of IL1 gene cluster are considerably associated with POAG pathogenesis in eastern india. Further, more case control studies are required to confirm the same from different populations of India.